Emerging research from an animal study suggests that combining a powerful antioxidant from green tea with nicotinamide, a form of vitamin B3, could help rejuvenate aging brain cells and reduce protein buildup associated with Alzheimer’s disease.
Previous human studies have also linked higher intakes of green tea and vitamin B3 from foods with improved cognitive health.
What the Study Found
Researchers discovered that pairing epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)—a key antioxidant found in green tea—with nicotinamide helped restore levels of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) in brain cells.
GTP is an important molecule that provides energy for cells. As we age, natural GTP levels decline, and lower levels have been associated with the development of Alzheimer’s disease.
In the study, brain cells treated with the EGCG and vitamin B3 combination showed a rapid improvement. Within 24 hours, GTP levels in the treated cells resembled those found in much younger cells. This restoration appeared to reduce oxidative stress and help remove harmful clumps of amyloid proteins that are often linked to Alzheimer’s disease.
Although these results are encouraging, the research is still in its early stages and further studies are required before any recommendations can be made.
Why Supplements May Not Work the Same Way
Taking green tea extract or vitamin B3 supplements may not necessarily produce the same effects seen in laboratory research.
Scientists explain that when vitamin B3 is taken orally, much of it can be broken down by bacteria in the digestive system before it reaches the brain. Because of this, the body may not receive the amount needed to influence brain cells.
Future research may explore alternative delivery methods, such as patches, nasal treatments, or dissolvable supplements placed under the tongue, which could help nutrients reach the brain more effectively.
The Benefits of Green Tea
While supplements may not yet offer a proven solution, green tea itself is widely recognised for its potential health benefits.
Studies suggest that drinking green tea regularly may help support memory, reduce anxiety, assist in lowering blood pressure, and potentially lower the risk of dementia. Its natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds also contribute to overall brain protection.
Some observational research has found that people who drink green tea frequently tend to have fewer changes in brain tissue linked to cognitive decline. Interestingly, the same association was not observed with coffee consumption.
However, researchers note that green tea alone is unlikely to produce the same effects seen in laboratory studies, as both antioxidant protection and sufficient cellular energy are needed to support healthy brain cells.
Can Diet Help Protect Brain Health?
Rather than focusing on a single nutrient, experts suggest adopting an overall dietary pattern that supports brain health.
One well-known approach is the MIND diet, which was designed to help reduce the risk of cognitive decline. This eating pattern emphasises foods such as:
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Leafy green vegetables
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Berries
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Whole grains
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Nuts and seeds
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Beans and legumes
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Fish and seafood
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Poultry
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Extra virgin olive oil
Many of these foods naturally contain vitamin B3 along with other nutrients that support brain function.
The Bottom Line
Early research suggests that a combination of green tea antioxidants and vitamin B3 may play a role in supporting brain cell energy and reducing harmful protein buildup. However, more studies—particularly in humans—are needed before this approach can be considered a practical treatment.
In the meantime, maintaining a balanced diet rich in nutrient-dense foods, staying active, and supporting overall wellness remain key steps for long-term brain health.